It's estimated that as many as 3 of every 4 menstruating women have experienced some form of premenstrual syndrome. Symptoms tend to recur in a predictable pattern. But the physical and emotional changes you experience with premenstrual syndrome may vary from just slightly noticeable all the way to intense. Still, you don't have to let these problems control your life.
Treatments and lifestyle adjustments can help you reduce or manage the signs and symptoms of premenstrual syndrome. The list of potential signs and symptoms for premenstrual syndrome is long, but most women only experience a few of these problems. For some, the physical pain and emotional stress are severe enough to affect their daily lives. Regardless of symptom severity, the signs and symptoms generally disappear within four days after the start of the menstrual period for most women.
But a small number of women with premenstrual syndrome have disabling symptoms every month. PMDD signs and symptoms include depression, mood swings, anger, anxiety, feeling overwhelmed, difficulty concentrating, irritability and tension.
If you haven't been able to manage your premenstrual syndrome with lifestyle changes and the symptoms of PMS are affecting your health and daily activities, see your doctor.
Exactly what causes premenstrual syndrome is unknown, but several factors may contribute to the condition:. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Effects of gonadal steroids in women with a history of postpartum depression. American Journal of Psychiatry; 6 : Pinkerton, J.
Menstrual cycle-related exacerbation of disease. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology; 3 : American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Premenstrual Syndrome PMS. Dickerson, L. Premenstrual Syndrome. American Family Physician; 67 8 : — Boneva, R. Early menopause and other gynecologic risk indicators for chronic fatigue syndrome in women.
Menopause, 22, — El-Lithy, A. Effect of aerobic exercise on premenstrual symptoms, haemotological and hormonal parameters in young women. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; 3: 1—4. Aganoff, J. Aerobic exercise, mood states and menstrual cycle symptoms. Journal of Psychosomatic Research ; — Kaur, G. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder: a review for the treating practitioner.
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine ; —5, —3, —8. Tsai, S. Hernandez-Reif, M. Premenstrual symptoms are relieved by massage therapy. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol ; 21 1 Arias, A. Systematic review of the efficacy of meditation techniques as treatments for medical illness. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine ; 12 8 Global epidemiological study of variation of premenstrual symptoms with age and sociodemographic factors.
Menopause International; 17 3 : 96— Rapkin A. A review of treatment of premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology ; Suppl The Medical Letter. Which SSRI? Med Lett Drugs Ther ; 45 National Institute for Health Research, U. Dietary supplements and herbal remedies for premenstrual syndrome PMS : a systematic research review of the evidence for their efficacy.
Ghanbari, Z. Effects of calcium supplement therapy in women with premenstrual syndrome. Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology; 48 2 : — Office of Dietary Supplements. Rocha Filho, F. You can also try a diuretic to stop bloating and water weight gain. Take medications and supplements only as directed by and after speaking with your doctor.
Severe PMS symptoms are rare. A small percentage of women who have severe symptoms have premenstrual dysphoric disorder PMDD. PMDD affects between 3 and 8 percent of women. This is characterized in the new edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
The symptoms of PMDD may occur due to changes in your estrogen and progesterone levels. A connection between low serotonin levels and PMDD also exists. They may also recommend a psychiatric evaluation. A personal or family history of major depression, substance abuse, trauma, or stress can trigger or worsen PMDD symptoms.
This medication increases serotonin levels in your brain and has many roles in regulating brain chemistry that are not limited to depression.
Your doctor may also suggest cognitive behavioral therapy, which is a form of counseling that can help you understand your thoughts and feelings and change your behavior accordingly. A healthy lifestyle and a comprehensive treatment plan can reduce or eliminate the symptoms for most women. When should you see a doctor for bloating and back pain? Learn what causes these symptoms and how to manage pain at home.
Bloating is a common premenstrual symptom. Here are tips for managing and reducing the effects of period bloating. Cut back on caffeine and alcohol in the two weeks before your period. Get enough sleep. Manage your stress in whatever way works for you — for example, counselling, cognitive behaviour therapy CBT , tai chi or meditation, mindfulness, walking or gardening. Dietary changes for PMS If you experience PMS symptoms you may crave high-fat and high-sugar foods like chocolate, biscuits and ice cream, which can cause weight gain.
Medication and hormone treatments for PMS There are different types of medications and hormone treatments available to help you manage your symptoms. Treatments that have been proven to relieve symptoms include: SSRIs selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors : fluoxetine, sertraline, paroxetine and escitalopram — these medications are mood stabilisers and antidepressants. They can improve PMS symptoms significantly by boosting brain chemicals neurotransmitters.
They may be prescribed just in the premenstrual phase, or taken continuously combined oral contraceptive pill preparations agents that suppress ovulation — including GnRH analogues and danazol might improve symptoms, but it has not been shown to be consistently of any advantage but may help if there is fluid retention. Treatments that have not been proven to relieve symptoms include: progesterone and progestogens such as intrauterine devices or IUDs intrauterine devices Implanon Depo-Provera injection.
Complementary medicine and PMS Many women feel they benefit from a variety of other therapies, such as cognitive behaviour therapy, and complementary therapies. Hofmeister S, Bodden S, , Premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder.
American Family Physician, vol. Give feedback about this page. Was this page helpful? Yes No. View all reproductive system - female. Related information.
0コメント